A REVIEW ON THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SUGARCANE CROP

Abstract

Sugarcane, scientifically known as Saccharum officinarum L., is a large perennial grass belonging to the Gramineae (Poaceae) family and is a monocotyledon. This C4 agro-industrial crop is cultivated
widely in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. The crop requires a long duration of 10-15 months, and in some cases up to 18 months, to mature, which depends on the geographical location.
There are various factors that affect the growth and development of sugarcane, with climate change being a major factor that can either positively or negatively impact the crop. Among the many climatic
factors, rainfall and temperature are the most crucial weather parameters for sugarcane productivity. However, with the increase in temperature and CO2, global warming is leading to a deficit in rainfall,
resulting in a decline in crop production. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the effects of climate change on crop growth to maximize the potential yield of all sugarcane varieties in the future.