EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HORMONES ON EARLY, MID AND LATE MATURING SUGARCANE (Saccharum officinarum L.) GENOTYPES FOR CALLUS AND SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS

Abstract

In the present study three sugarcane clones NIA1198- P18 (early maturing, normal yield and high sucrose sugarcane clone), NIA86-223 (late maturing, higher yield and low sucrose sugarcane clone) and Larkana-2003 (mid maturing, low yield and low sucrose) were used for callus induction and its regeneration. MS medium were modified by the use of different growth regulators (2,4-D, dicamba, IAA and BAP). Maximum callus induction / proliferation was recorded in MS medium containing 2mg and 4mg 2,4- D in all clones, while BAP 4 mg/l with 4mg/l 2,4-D has an adverse effect on callus proliferation. Five different media were used for regeneration of plantlets from callus. Sequential observations were taken after one week, 15days and 30 days of shoot induction. Varietal differences were observed in regeneration potential among three clones used. Combination of BAP (5mg/l) with kinetin (2 mg/l) and IBA (2mg/l) was found to be good for regeneration specifically in clone NIA1198-P18. Among the four different media formulated for roots induction, NAA (1mg/l) with IBA (1mg/l) and 3% sucrose produced maximum roots. Clone NIA-1198-P18 respond best among all clones in root induction media. The present investigation has been undertaken to determine the regeneration rate of different clones under different auxin and cytokinins concentrations.